English Grammar Topics by Level

Grammar for Beginner level (A1)

At the initial stage of learning English, the main goal is the ability to build everyday dialogue and briefly communicate on such popular topics as:

• Work,
• hobby,
• shopping,
• countries and nationalities
• food,
• seasons,
• clothes.

An important aspect is the formation of a habit of a new word order in a sentence. In other words, understanding that English works according to a certain system:

• For negative and affirmative sentences.
  Subject + predicate + object + circumstance.
  I often see her at school.

• For closed questions (where the answers are yes or no).
  Auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + circumstance.
  Do you go to school every day?

• For open-ended questions (implies a detailed answer).
  Interrogative word + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + circumstance (or object).
  What do you usually have for breakfast?

Basic grammar topics needed at the initial stage:

• Verb to be.
• Singular and plural. The concept of "article".
• Pronouns.
• present simple.
• Adverbs of frequency.
• Prepositions of time.
• Open and closed questions, difference from be and do.
• Can and can't.
• Like, love, hate with a gerund.
• present continuous.
• There is / There are.
• Prepositions of place.

Grammar for Elementary level (A1)

To study English grammar at this stage, a thorough repetition of topics from Beginner is implied, as well as the introduction of new topics and tenses for discussing topics such as: travel, character and appearance of a person, a story about the past and the future.

Grammar topics that you will meet in addition to the previous ones from the initial:

• Imperative mood.
• past simple.
• Irregular verbs.
• There was/There were.
• Some/any.
• Many/much and little/few, a lot of.
• Countable/uncountable nouns.
• How much/How many.
• Comparative adjectives.
• Superlative adjectives.
• Future Simple.
• To be going to.
• Present Perfect.

Grammar for Pre-Intermediate level (A2)

At the Pre-Intermediate learners begin to build longer sentences using more conjunctions and causal relationships. New nuances appear in tenses, and the student learns to use the studied basic constructions in spontaneous speech, bringing them to automatism.

Here, the previous grammar from Elementary, but according to a different algorithm and changed topics.

Grammar topics at the Pre-Intermediate:

• Unions.
• Articles.
• Present Continuous for future arrangements.
• Past Continuous.
• Past Simple and Past Continious in a compound sentence.
• Present Perfect.
• Present Perfect (for,since).
• Difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple.
• Something/anything/nothing.
• Too/enough.
• Will / wont (spontaneous promises, decisions).
• The use of the infinitive.
• The use of the gerund.
• Modal verbs ( must, mustn't, have to, don't have to ).
• Relative clause.
• Modal verbs ( should, may, might ).
• Could/Couldn't.
• Would like.
• Adverbs.

Grammar for Intermediate level (B1)

The intermediate level of the language involves communication on a variety of topics in which the student can express his point of view and support it with some facts, weigh the pros and cons of various situations, participate in debates and even draw conclusions based on what has been said. All this requires the calm use of basic grammar in automatic speech, an extensive vocabulary and the beginning of acquaintance with phrasal verbs, understanding 70% of information from different sources, regardless of the accent.

In addition to repeating the material already covered, the coordination of times falls here. That is, all previously studied constructions are used in speech according to their compatibility with each other. Coordination of present and past tense, past and future, etc.

For example:

• She knew that he would come. is a mismatch.
• She knew that he would come. is the correct agreement.

At the intermediate level, the following grammatical topics are relevant:

• Conditional sentences of the first and second types.
• Static and dynamic verbs.
• The used to/ didn't use to, the difference from would.
• T o be used to/ to get used to.
• Indirect speech, the difference between say and tell.
• Modal verbs ( might, must, can('t) ) for suggestions.
• Can, could, be able to.
• Question tags.
• past perfect.
• Time coordination.
• Present Perfect Continuous.
• Passive voice.

Grammar for Upper Intermediate (B2)

Upper-Intermediate is knowledge of the language at a level above the average. This level is manifested in the speaker's ability to speak on almost all topics, with the exception of narrow areas such as ( IT, medicine, biology, physics, etc.), the use of relevant reactions, phrases and interjections in certain situations, the ability to smoothly move from topic to topic, to express agreement and disagreement, understanding of formal and informal speech.

In grammar, at this stage, some subtleties appear, since the main tenses have already been brought to free practice.

• Zero article.
• Set pointers a little/little, a few/few, plenty of/ a lot of, all, every, both, no, none, every, most.
• Third conditional and Mixed conditional.
• the... the...comparatives.
• Difference between Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous.
• Narrative tensions.
• future time clauses.
• Designs with wish.
• Modal verbs and the perfect infinitive.
• Verbs of the senses.
• Passive voice.
• Whatever, whenever, whoever.
• Past Perfect Continuous, Future Continuous, Future Perfect.